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Kendorrhea

Random and useless personal thoughts on things that have nothing to do with nobody, like kendo, iaido and the like
Friday, May 21, 2004

Post UID: 108517636384649294 

Bibliography - Part 4


Hopefully the last part, though possibly in the next weeks I'll get a book written by Yamada Jirokichi sensei, so perhaps this is NOT the last :P

Anyway, this is a list of some miscellaneous things that I have.

1) Bukei Shichisho ("Seven Writings of Martial Arts")
- Sonshi (Sun Tzu)
- Goshi (Wu Tzu)
- Rikutou (Liu Tao)
- Sanryaku (San Lue)
- Shibahou (Si Ma Fa)
- Utsuryoushi (Yu Liao Tzu)
- Rieikoumontai (Li Wei Gong Wen Dui)


Actually, these books are about military strategy, not about swordsmanship and the like. Obviously, Sun Tzu is the most famous one, but there are those other six writings too.

2) Gan-ryu Kenjutsu Monogatari ("Tales of the Sword Techniques of Gan-ryu")
No, this has NOTHING to do with Sasaki Kojiro and the like. This is a writing about Muso Gan-ryu, the style founded by Matsubayashi Hen-yasai Bu-un. I have only an excerpt of it, though. But this is some good stuff. For those who don't know, Matsubayashi (who inspired a certain character from a certain manga/anime series) was a master swordsman who was very acrobatic and his techniques were something overwhelming.

3) Heiho Kaden-sho ("Writing about the Inner Transmission of the Soldier Laws")
This is a very famous writing on the Yagyu Shinkage ryu. I don't remember if this was written by Yagyu Tajima-no-kami Munenori. I guess this was released in English as well.

And I guess that's it for now. :)


Other than those, I have some books on basic kendo, but I won't list them because anyone can access Amazon.com or the like and buy books on basic kendo :D And two books on iaido (MJER and MSR), four on kenbu (Shinto-ryu kenbujutsu) and one on Seitei Jo.


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Thursday, May 13, 2004

Post UID: 108450394936027663 

Bibliography - Part 3


Okay, PASTED the post to Notepad first this time :D

This is the only other "compendium" (kind of) that I have on Budo and the like. I have some more writings, but they aren't assembled in a single book, and anyway, I don't have that many works to begin with :P Wish I had those books from Tsukuba University... :(

This list comes from "Bujutsu Sôsho", "Compilation of Writing on Martial Techniques". It is a rather old book, first published in the 4th year of the Taisho Era (1915). The book I've got has forewords by sensei Ogawa Kinnosuke, Kendo Hanshi, and sensei Saimura Goro, Kendo Hanshi. Those who are acquainted with the pre-WWII kendo scenario in Japan will certainly know better than I who they were.

Some of the writings in this book are also featured in the "Budo no Meicho", so I will skip their description.

1 - "Honchô Bugei Shoden" ("Small Account of the Martial Arts of the Land of the Rising Sun"), Hinatsu Yasuke
This is the most famous resource on the origins of the many Japanese martial arts styles. And this is also the oldest compilation known of this genre, being published in 1714 (4th year of the Shôtoku Era). Obviously, there are several inconsistencies, but nevertheless it is a priceless record of the many swordsmen of the past.

2 - "(Nihon Chûkô) Bujutsu Keifu Ryaku" ("Summarized Lineage of the Founders of the Japanese Martial Arts"), unknown author
This is nothing but a series of lineage, based on "Honchô Bugei Shoden". And it is a bit updated (whatever that means :D)

3 - "(Shinsen) Bujutsu Ryûso Roku" ("(Newly Chosen)Records of the Creators of the Martial Arts"), unknown author
This is another record on the styles and their creators.

4 - "Gekiken Sôdan" ("Compilation of Talks on the Swordsmanship"), Minamoto no Tokushû
This is a great compilation, featuring many, many styles of Japanese swordsmanship. Several styles that are totally unheard of. A wonderful resource.

5 - "Fudôchi" ("The Immovable Wisdom"), Takuan
This is NOT the famous "Fudôchi Shinmyôroku" or "Kenjutsu Hôgo". This is the work that precedes it, being the closest (so far) to what is thought to be the original Takuan writing. But, not surprisingly, it is very similar to "Fudôchi Shinmyôroku".

6 - "Taia-ki" ("Record of the Sword Taia"), Takuan
Another famous work by monk Takuan. This has been translated into many languages.

7 - "Heihô Sanjûgo ka jô" ("35 Items on the Soldier Laws"), Miyamoto Musashi
I cited this in a previous post, if I'm not mistaken. It was written by Miyamoto Musashi himself, under orders of Kumamoto Lord, Hosokawa Tadatoshi.

8 - "Gorin no sho" ("Writing on the Five Rings"), Miyamoto Musashi
No comments needed on this one, methinks. :P

9 - "Enmei ryu Kenjutsu sho" ("Writing on the Sword Techniques of the Enmei Style"), Miyamoto Musashi
Another writing from Musashi. "Enmei ryu" is another way to call the famous "Niten Ichi ryu".

10 - "(Kenpô) Sekiun Sensei Sôden" ("Teachings on the Sword Laws of Master Sekiun"), Odegiri Ichiun
This is featured in the "Budo no Meicho".

11 - "Ittôsai Sensei Kenpô sho" ("Writings on the Sword Laws of Master Ittôsai"), Kotôda Toshisada
Needless to say, "Ittôsai" is Ito Ittosai, founder of the Itto-ryu style of kenjutsu. This is a work that, unlike the Yagyu Shinkage works, uses few Zen words or concepts, and has some divergence with Yagyu Munefuyu's works.

12 - "(Yagyu ryu) Shinpisho" ("New Excerpts of the Hidden Teachings of the Yagyu style"), Sano Kanai
The author is a disciple of Yagyu Muneari, son of Yagyu Munefuyu, grandson of Yagyu Tajima-no-kami Munenori. It is a description of the sword techniques of the Yagyu Shinkage ryu.

13 - "Tengu Geijutsu Ron" ("Discussion on the Artistical Techniques of the Tengu"), Itsusai Chozan
This is just too famous a work. Also translated into many languages.

14 - "Honshiki Sanmondô fu Unchû-ryu Kenjutsu Yôryô" ("Three Questions and Answers of the Original Knowledge (addendum: Important Things on the Sword Techniques of the Unchû style)", unknown author(?)
These are mostly about Yagyu ryu as well. The Unchû style was derived from Yagyu style.

15 - "Kenjutsu Fushiki ron" ("Discussion on the Lack of Knowledge in the Sword Techniques"), Kimura Kyûsuke
Another writing from Unchû ryu. It features a very interesting discussion between the master of this style and a visitor, explaining their points of view in a very logical fashion.

16 - "Kensetsu" ("Theories on the Sword"), Hirayama Shiryû
A short writing, discussing the reason why one should practice swordsmanship.

17 - "Kenchô" ("Indications on the Sword"), Hirayama Shiryû
A kind of a complement to "Kensetsu".

18 - "Jôsei-shi Kendan" ("Talks about the Sword by Master Jôsei"), unknown author
This is a writing of the Shingyôtô ryu, founded by Iba Zesuiken Hideaki. It became one of the four most proeminent styles in the last years of the Tokugawa Shogunate, along with Hokushin Itto, Kyoshin Meichi and Shinto Munen styles. One interesting thing is that they feature lots of katas with two swords, though being very different from Musashi's Niten Ichi ryu. And in the beginning, they also used a unique weapon, called "Makuragatana", which resembles vaguely a trident. But the techniques involving this weapon were lost, unfortunately.
This is a writing about the essence of kendo. It seems good.

19 - "Kenkô" ("Thoughts on the Sword"), unknown author
The author seems to be Jôsei. Jôsei was a disciple of Jôkei, disciple of Mizutani Gondayû Tadatatsu Jôchi, who was in his turn disciple of Iba Zeshinsai Hidehara Jôzen, the 2nd Sôke (representant of the style) of Shingyôtô ryu. It is a description of the sword katas of the Shingyôtô style.

20 - "Kenpôki fu Fukugen" ("Chronicles on the Sword Laws (addendum: Auxiliary Words)"), Kubota Sugane
Kubota Sugane was a master of Iai. Therefore, this work takes Iai (Iaijutsu, Battôjutsu etc.) as a basis to explain the Japanese swordsmanship. This was first published in 1839, 10 year of the Tenpô Era.

21 - "Kenpô Gekishi Ron" ("Discussion on the Slashes and Thrusts of the Sword Laws"), Mori Kageshizu
Mori was a disciple of Chiba Shûsaku Narimasa, founder of the Hokushin Itto ryu. This is also a work from the 19th century.

And that's it for now. :)

I guess there will be one last part for the Bibliography. And then, I guess I'll keep on with random ramblings and, if I have time and will, a commented translation on one of all these aforementioned writings. Haven't thought which one, though. Most probably I'll translate one for beginners and the like, like "Kenjutsu Giron". But I'm not sure yet.

And, as I posted before, such translation will be in Portuguese, so I apologise to the people who can't understand the language :/

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Tuesday, May 11, 2004

Post UID: 108432632652432414 

About Suigetsu (the Moon reflected on the water) and Meikyô Shisui (the stillness of water as a clear mirror)


Eis que é lançada a pergunta:

"Ter uma vassoura sem ter pó a ser varrido é sinal de que há pó em seu espírito?"

Para a qual, a seguinte resposta é dada:

"É uma vassoura para varrer o pó de acreditar que não há pó a ser varrido."



----------------------------------

It is asked:

"To have a broom without having any dust to be swept is a proof that there is dust within your heart?"

And it is answered:

"It is a broom to sweep the dust that makes you think that there is no dust to be swept."


an excerpt from "Kanzan Jittoku", featured in "Kenpô Gekishiron".

Very, very interesting :)

The original text, in the form of poem:

The question:

"Haraubeki / Chiri mo aranu ni / Sono hôki // Motsu wa kokoro ni / Chiri no ariteka"

The answer:

"Haraubeki / Chiri mo aranu to / Iu chiri wo // Harawan tame no / Hôki narikeri to"


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Monday, May 10, 2004

Post UID: 108424311749247417 

Random Anger Moment


GREAT. I had just written a LONG post listing the 3rd part of the Bibliography, but this dang Blogspot just crashed and I lost the post. BEAUTIFUL. This is to learn to ALWAYS paste a copy on Notepad BEFORE attempting this foolishness of submitting a post to Blogger.com.

I will post the 3rd part another day, when I have the time and will.

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Sunday, May 09, 2004

Post UID: 108407430116462276 

Bibliography - Part 2


Just read my previous post and noticed that there is some kind of discussion to be made about some subjects. I will try to remember them and post my comments on them afterwards here.

For now, I want to list some more writings. This time, it comes from a book called "Kendo Hiyô" ("The hidden important aspects of Kendo"). It was first published in the 42nd year of the Meiji Era (1909), but the book I read was a reprint of it, dated of 1981.

This book is a collection of works about the just too famous swordsman, Miyamoto Musashi, and it comprises the following writings:

1 - "Gorin no Sho" ("Writing of the Five Rings")
This is the most famous work by Miyamoto Musashi, and there are many translations available in many languages. This version I have is written in a rather old Japanese (i.e., hard to read for me) and has many interesting comments by sensei Mihashi Kan-ichiro, a Kendo Hanshi from the Dai Nippon Butokukai. Let's not forget that in the year that this book (the "Kendo Hiyô") was published, there was no ZNKR/IKF yet, but rather the Dai Nippon Butokukai.

2- "Heihô Gohô no Maki" ("Scroll of the Five Laws of the Soldier Laws(kenjutsu)")
This is a kind of a summary of the "Gorin no Sho". It was written by Musashi and handed to his best disciple, Terao Kyûmanosuke Nobuyuki. it even lists the Gohô no Kamae, starting with the famous "Kissaki kaeshi Chûdan". It is NOT the "Heihô Sanjû Goka jô" ("35 articles of the Soldier Laws"), written by Musashi under the orders of the Higo Lord, Hosokawa Tadatoshi.

The other writings are from Musashi's disciples, not from Musashi himself. Therefore, though most things match Musashi's teachings, there are some twists and addenda from the disciples themselves.

3 - "Heihô Shin-ki-tai Oboegaki" ("Record Remembering the Spirit, Energy and Body from the Soldier Laws")
4 - "Senki Niten ryu" ("Opportunity at war, style of Two Heavens (Niten)")
5 - "Musashi ryu Shugyô Kokoroe no Koto" ("Things to be Kept in Mind When Improving Yourself, from the Style of Musashi")
6 - "Nitô Ichi ryu Gokui Jôjô" ("Items of the Supreme Meaning of the Niten Ichi style")


And then, last but not least, the

7 - "Niten-ki" ("Records of the Two Heavens (Niten)")
This is a record, made by Musashi's disciples, about Musashi's life and his deeds. Obviously, as it was written by Musashi's disciples, there are many... how to say, "embellishments" of their master's deeds, so to speak. :D The novel "Musashi", by Yoshikawa Eiji, was mainly based upon this record. The too famous duel with Sasaki Kojiro is reported in this record, as the fight with the Yoshioka family.
All in all, it is obviously a very interesting record, but hardly trustworthy in my opinion. Just as an example, there is a record on the Yoshioka family, and not surprisingly, Musashi does NOT defeat so many Yoshioka swordsmen (of course, this source is not that trustworthy either, but it shows how contradictory things can be :D). Furthermore, there are records showing that the Yoshioka family survived even after the match with Musashi, handing down their style to the next generations.

These are the writings concerning Musashi and the Niten Ichi ryu, but obviously there are many more writings on them. As written above, Musashi wrote the "Heihô Sanjû Goka jô", and also the "Enmei-ryu Kenjutsu-sho", just to name two writings that aren't featured in this book.

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Thursday, May 06, 2004

Post UID: 108388795220106679 

Bibliography - Part 1


Just as a curiosity, I will list the material that I have so far... these material will be the basis (hopefully) for me to study and comment on or will be translated (?!) into Portuguese... someday (?).

This time, I will list the writings that were assembled together and published in a book called "Budo no Meicho" ("Famous writings of Budo"). Some are presented as an abridged work, whereas others are presented as unabridged. This is a famous book, published in 1979. However, it's out of print now and God knows when this is going to be republished again :(

1 - "Neko no myôjutsu" ("The ultimate technique of the cat"), Itsusai Chozan
The autor is often referred as "Shissai Chozan", but I prefer "Itsusai Chozan" because it's more faithful to the kanji :) This is one of the most "basic" writings a budo practitioner should study. This writing is often presented in a Ono-ha or Nakanishi-ha Ittô ryu kenjutsu context, but actually it's just a part of a much larger work, called "Inaka Zôshi". This comes from the 18th century, and heavily influenced by Sôji, a philosopher often compared to Rôshi, or Lao-tzu. The author has written a famous work, published in many languages, called "Tengu Geijutsu-ron".

2 - "Geijutsu futaba no hajime"("The sprout of the arts"), Kokenken Ryokusui
This is not so famous a writing. It was written as a complement to the aforementioned "Tengu Geijutsu-ron", since this was meant for advanced practitioners. Therefore, this "Geijutsu futaba no hajime" is meant for the beginners, as the title itself says.

3 - "Shigeisetsu"("Explanations on the Four Arts"), Udono Nagayasu
This is a writing by an expert of Tadanari-ha Ittô ryu kenjutsu. Later, he mastered also Heki-ryu kyûjutsu, Kinju-ryu bajutsu and Hôzôin-ryu sôjutsu. Hence, the "Four Arts" mentioned in the title: the study of sword, archery, horsemanship and spear.
This work is divided in six chapters:
1) Kyûjutsu no setsu (Explanations on archery)
2) Bajutsu no setsu (Explanations on horsemanship)
3) Kenjutsu no setsu (Explanations on swordsmanship)
4) Sôjutsu no setsu (Explanations on... spearsmanship? Dunno the word... :P)
5) Shigei no shinjutsu (The mental/spiritual techniques of the four arts)
6) Bushi no kokoroe (What a warrior should always keep in mind)

4 - "Sekiun-ryu Kenjutsu-sho" ("Writing on the Sekiun style of swordsmanship"), Odegiri Ichiun
This is my all-time favorite writing O_O Apart from the description of the evolution of the sword arts, what I like most in this writing is the concept of "Ai-nuke" and "Chikushô-shin".
For those who don't know, Sekiun-ryu is a kenjutsu style devised by Harigaya Sekiun, based on the Shinkage-ryu. The style put a tremendous emphsasis on the energy ("ki" or "ch'i" for the Chinese) of the practitioner, almost forfeiting the sword movements themselves (the so-called "kata" or "seihô" or "kumiuchi"). Therefore, it looked like every practitioner was from a different kenjutsu style. After Harigaya Sekiun, Odegiri Ichiun (the author of this writing) became the headmaster of the style and after him, Mariya Enshirô Gikyoku.
Two thumbs up for this writing!
And I am still searching for the other Sekiun-ryu related writing, the "Jisoku Ikei-hô Zenshû", by Kawamura Yagorôbê Hideharu, a disciple of Mariya Enshirô. If someone finds this writing, please DO let me know ;)

5 - "Menhei-hô no Ki"/"Heihô Yurushi no Ki" ("Allowed Record of Soldier Laws (Kenjutsu/Martial Arts)"), Fujiwara no Takanobu
This is a work by a probable master of Shinkage-ryu, given its content (the "Marobashi" word, for instance).
There are 20 topics that the author comments on. I won't list them all because it's a nuisance :P I think that many of the comments made and the topics are closely related to the modern kendo still, so although it's a hard stuff to read (at least for myself :P), it may be a good reference for the practitioners, methinks.

6 - "Kenjutsuron"("Discussion on the Sword Arts"), Otsuka Yoshioki
Another writing from a lesser known style for the general(?) public: the Mugen-ryu. This style was created by a certain Miura Gen-emon Masatame, who spent his youth from 12 to 37 practicing the sword arts. He mastered no less than EIGHTEEN(!!!) styles: Ittô-ryu, Yamaguchi-ryu, Toda-ryu, Shin-ryu, Yoshioka-ryu, Ganshi-ryu, Jigen-ryu, Shinkage-ryu, Shinshin-ryu, Kurama-ryu, Tôgun-ryu, Musashi-ryu, Imaeda-ryu, Asayama Ichiden-ryu, Yôshin-ryu, Inazuma-ryu, Bokuden-ryu and Zuihen-ryu. He got the best from all these styles and tried to reach the Ultimate Truth. He attained that when he heard the ring of a bell and then he created the Mugen-ryu style in 1683.
Divided in two part, this writing comments one or two things about the way one should practice and learn swordsmanship. Also, he comments on the use, advantages and disadvantages of several arts and weapons, before finally commenting on two budo writings: Tengu Geijutsu-ron and Bushi-kun. Some of the remarks are quite interesting.

7 - "Kenjutsu Giron" ("A Just Discussion on the Sword Arts"), Yamazaki Toshihide
This is a writing published in 1791. It's presented in a question-and-answer format. Very very interesting. When it was published, it was highly recommended for beginners, not because there are detailed explanations of techniques and such, but because it discusses about the meaning of practising the sword arts.
To be honest, I have only given it a peek, so I can't make any good comments on it so far :P

8 - "Heijutsu Yôkun" ("Important Teachings of Soldier Techniques (Swordsmanship)", Adachi Masachika
Another one that I haven't read... to be frank, I haven't read the writings further than the 6th text :P Therefore, I can't comment on them.
About this writing, it is divided in two parts, having 20 topics total. 7 for the first part, 13 for the second. It seems to comment on many things, including the use of "tsuba" (sword guard), the length of the sword and so on.

9 - "Kenjutsu Hiden Hitori Shûgyô" ("Secret teaching for mastering kenjutsu alone"), Sen-en
Somehow I feel it will be extremely dangerous if someone translates this book :D From the quick look I gave at it, it explains about the most basic teaching of swordsmanship, showing the most basic types of "Kamae" ("stance") and cuts ("Kesagake", "Ichimonji-giri", "Agekesa") first then in the second part it discusses a bit of the more theoretic aspects and the so-called "hidden" aspects of swordsmanship.

10 - "Ittô-ryu Heihô Tôhô Kigen" ("Origin of the use of 'Bogu' and 'Shinai' in the Ittô style of Soldier Laws"), Nakanishi Zesuke
This is interesting :D I have read this because I always had a curiosity to know why they created the training with 'Bogu' and 'Shinai'. Those who know about the early origins of this kind of training will surely remember that it began with Jiki Shinkage-ryu and then Ittô-ryu. And this writing exposes the context where this kind of training was created, its purpose and its consequences. Very interesting and it only shows that the debate between people who practice kendo as a sport and as a budo is nothing new :D

11 - "Tôkashû" ("Collection of the Death of the Emperor(?!?!?!?!?!)"), Terada Masakiyo
Well, I don't know ANYTHING about this writing, starting with the meaning of its name :D What the heck is that title?! Perhaps I will find that out (hopefully) when I actually read the writing...
This is a jûjutsu writing from Kitô-ryu. Those who practice Kôdôkan judo know much better than I that the Katas of the Kôdôkan, created by Kanô Jigorô, were based upon the Kitô-ryu katas. That's everything I know about this one.

12 - "Jûdô Uchû Mondô" ("Questions and Answers about Judo under the Rain"), Mizuno Tadayuki
Another 18th century writing, also from the Kitô-ryu jûjutsu. Another writing that I have no clue what it's about :P

13 - "Teizen-ryu Yawara Gokuhi Jimon Jitô" ("Self-questions and self-answers of the secrets of the Teizen style of yawara"), Ono Yûsei
I guess everyone knows this, but "Yawara" is just another word for "Jûjutsu". This writing (again, from the 18th century) passed to the Shibukawa-ryu jûjutsu, according to this book. Ask me if I have read it :P

14 - "Jûjutsu Tai-i Kugi" ("Faithful telling of the great meaning of Jûjutsu"), Shibukawa Tokifusa
Talking about Shibukawa-ryu, here is a writing from that jûjutsu style, which is derived from the just too famous Sekiguchi-ryu style of jûjutsu.

15 - "Shinshin-ryu Yawara kaki" ("Writing on the Shinshin style of Jûjutsu"), Nozaki Haramichi
This is a much more recent(?) writing, dated of 1853. It is divided in 9 parts. This book "Budo no Meicho" features only an excerpt of it, namely some excerpts from the parts (chapters) 4 and 5 ("Betsuden" - "Other transmission").

16 - "Sekiguchi-ryu Yawara Gokui sho" ("Writing on the Supreme Meaning of the Sekiguchi style of Jûjutsu"), Sekiguchi Man-hei
Needless to say, I haven't read this one either :P This work is divided in 4 parts, though the book I have feature only the first three parts. The 3rd part is dedicated only to the "douka" of the style, the poems describing the teachings of the style. I have given it a peek and it seems interesting. An example:
"Keiko seba / katachi ya hara ni / kokoro tsuke // shin no atsukai / kufû kan-yô"
meaning
"at practice / in the form and in the abdomen / your attention shall be focused // the true divine use / needs much your improvement"

17 - "Shagaku Yôroku" ("Important Records of the Discipline of Archery"), Hirase Mitsuo
Needless to say, I haven't read this one either :P This is divided in two parts and has more than 200 topics. However, this book I have features only one or two excerpts of this writing.

18 - "Sezoku Tsûyô Shô Ba-shû" ("Compilation of Horsemanship that would be Laughable for the World", or something like that...), Sugawara Iho
And now for a writing on horsemanship. It is divided in four parts, but this book features only the first two parts. The fourth part features the eight mounted archery techniques, namely "Yatsumato", "Marumono", "Hasamimono", "Kusajishi", "Karikura", "Inu-ou-mono", "Yabusame" and "Kasagake". It's a pity that this book doesn't feature this in its entirety... :(

19 - "Shika Seiyô" ("Righteous Importance of Stopping the Spearhead"), Oono Tôkaku(?)
Another writing from the 19th century, just before the arrival of the Black Ships of Commodore Perry. Again, this book doesn't feature this work in its entirety, just the first 12 parts from a total of 14. I really don't know what this work is about, but, judging from the title, I think it defends the importance of the Budo.

20 - "Kenroku" ("Records of the Martial Arts"), Hagiu Sorai
Another work on the spear. And another work that isn't totally featured in the book. There are 20 chapters plus Introduction, and only the Introduction and the 11th chapter are featured.

And I guess that's enough for now... I'll try to put more writings I have in other posts. But later, because I'm fed up with typing right now :P

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Wednesday, May 05, 2004

Post UID: 108380813553343216 

A note about the language


I was thinking about what language I'd use to post in this blog... I guess I'll do the following:
- random blabbery: in English
- things that may (perhaps) be of importance: in Portuguese
I am sorry for choosing Portuguese over English in this, but there is a severe lack of good material in Portuguese, while there are many good books and references in English. Therefore, I am thinking about making a little contribution of mine, so that people will have a little bit of good (?) stuff in Portuguese too. Let's see if this works or not :)

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